Life in the 19th century
Many hardships and trials that Philippines had encountered and surpass and prosperity came
At the end of the 18th century, political and economic developments in Europe had gradually started to influence Spain and thus the Philippines. Significant as a catalyst to trade was the gradual abolition of the monopoly enjoyed by the Acapulco galleon. The last galleon landed in Manila in 1815, and Manila was almost free to foreign traders by the mid-1830s
And also the demand of the Philippine sugar is rising very fast when the construction of the suez canal were Finished, because of The growth of commercial and agricultural aspects has led to the rise of a new class. Alongside the land holdings of the church and the rice estates or foreign rice companies of the pre-Spanish nobles arose haciendas of coffee, hemp and sugar, often belonging to enterprising Chinese-Filipino mestizos. Some of the families that gained fame in the 19th century have continued to play an important role in the Philippines. Through economic and politics
But it was not until 1863 that there was public education in the Philippines, and even then the church especially the chatolic church dominated the curriculum. Less than one-fifth of those who went to school could read and write Spanish, and even fewer could speak Spanish properly. The limited higher education in the colony was entirely under clerical direction
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